Docker容器存放目录磁盘空间问题

文章

林里克斯

440字数

Linux,Docker

安装系统时分区/var目录是存放日志的，一般不会给很大的空间。docker 默认数据存放目录是/var目录，很容易就被直接打爆

实验平台:CentOS 7.4
Docker版本:17.05.0-ce

操作步骤：

一、查看docker使用空间
二、清理docker磁盘
三、更换docker存储路径

一、查看docker使用空间

1.查看服务器磁盘空间

$ df -lh

Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root  1.8T   31G  1.8T   2% /
devtmpfs                  31G     0   31G   0% /dev
tmpfs                     31G     0   31G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     31G  650M   31G   3% /run
tmpfs                     31G     0   31G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb3                497M  128M  369M  26% /boot
/dev/sdb2                500M  9.8M  490M   2% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/centos-home   10G  9.0G  1.1G  90% /home
/dev/mapper/centos-var    15G   15G   20K 100% /var
tmpfs                    6.2G     0  6.2G   0% /run/user/0
overlay                   15G   15G   20K 100% /var/lib/docker/overlay/741009b2c5b45d571640630a81ddf42395ff6b1d62b0bf9b0955a9071579c622/merged
overlay                   15G   15G   20K 100% /var/lib/docker/overlay/711da16ae2c6d82beb554d7175abfd9b4710efba59d5c8513d3d1b15c5c7025b/merged
shm                       64M     0   64M   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/8a5c2f129d1ee716d6134dbda82b0241077c15637f3bc563c0a2eda01e63261f/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M   0% /var/lib/docker/containers/fdf48d4fd1d216644a67b1d39fcc4e2b8cae94fdd6c344472740c2dd58a4ca50/shm
#发现docker默认存储路径/var已经爆了

2.查看Docker磁盘情况

$ docker system df

TYPE                TOTAL               ACTIVE              SIZE                RECLAIMABLE
Images              9                   9                   4.378GB             223.7MB (5%)
Containers          10                  10                  7.08GB              0B (0%)
Local Volumes       56                  6                   2.224GB             307.7MB (13%)

二、清理docker磁盘

1.docker自带清理命令

$ docker system prune
WARNING! This will remove:
        - all stopped containers
        - all networks not used by at least one container
        - all dangling images
        - all build cache
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
2f7c62d4dc6be9576429826eff202365bb536ee0b509dd644ef6d035c7c1ea1d

Deleted Images:
untagged: registry.cn-hangzhou.*****.com/jarbo/tomcat:9.0.8-jre8-slim
untagged: registry.cn-hangzhou.*****.com/jarbo/tomcat@sha256:4a2f7d516b3877fa5aa8dc462bf00641d664a4de28d2e0eb1ec5c619cf54de0b
untagged: registry.cn-hangzhou.*****.com/jarbo/tomcat-service:18.12.10
deleted: sha256:f3c2e02b9ba7c21b5128146c8af558175896c359ce7da87729f7c8d3fb15c3f1
deleted: sha256:ed1d86d921f9b2e7a593e6c6f60f9b8f5838758ea22a5e4b1ab5296543a554ea
deleted: sha256:36422c92fd09fccbd3ee534e41b8e4ede1fe52b00ce5d936d5157bf74322d679
deleted: sha256:090105bdc844a2dda7e6f36d375706dddf99328dc21739cd608afa4d5c39b75c
deleted: sha256:da44825225568d966606f6ae10724677f365a382788e5881ade9bc562f22cdce

Total reclaimed space: 109.8MB
#可以清理磁盘，删除关闭的容器、无用的数据卷和网络，以及dangling镜像(即无tag的镜像)
#清理了109.8MB的空间

$ docker system prune -a
#清理得更加彻底，可以将没有容器使用Docker镜像都删掉。注意，这两个命令会把你暂时关闭的容器，以及暂时没有用到的Docker镜像都删掉了

2.手动清理Docker``镜像/容器/数据卷

对于旧版的Docker(版本1.13之前)，是没有docker >system命令的，因此需要进行手动清理。这里给出几个常用的命

$ docker ps -a | grep Exit | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | xargs docker rm
#删除所有关闭的容器

$ docker rmi $(docker images | grep "^<none>" | awk "{print $3}")
#删除所有dangling镜像(即无tag的镜像)

$docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -qf dangling=true)
#删除所有dangling数据卷(即无用的volume)

三、更换docker存储路径

清理不掉的还是占用过大只能迁移数据了;最好是在docker安装完后，第一时间修改docker默认存储位置为其他大目录或者磁盘中。避免迁移数据过程中造成的风险。

1.查看默认路径

$ docker info

docker info
Containers: 10
 Running: 10
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 9
Server Version: 17.06.2-ce
Storage Driver: overlay
 Backing Filesystem: xfs
 Supports d_type: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins: 
 Volume: local
 Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
 Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 6e23458c129b551d5c9871e5174f6b1b7f6d1170
runc version: 810190ceaa507aa2727d7ae6f4790c76ec150bd2
init version: 949e6fa
Security Options:
 seccomp
  Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 48
Total Memory: 61.95GiB
Name: localhost.localdomain
ID: IAVH:UXNN:6OUH:NADL:BO62:7O62:6MBM:677Y:6OKN:XVZH:4DRF:JSKH
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
#可以发现默认路径为/var ;-> Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker

2.停止服务，不能再写入数据

$ systemctl stop docker

3.使用rsync迁移Docker数据；数据路多的话会比较慢

$ rsync -avz /var/lib/docker/* /root/dockerdir/lib/docker/

4.创建配置文件

$ mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/
$ vim /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/devicemapper.conf

[Service]
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd  --graph=/home/docker/lib/docker

5.重启服务

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ systemctl restart docker

6.查看路径

$ docker info

docker info
Containers: 10
 Running: 10
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 9
Server Version: 17.06.2-ce
Storage Driver: overlay
 Backing Filesystem: xfs
 Supports d_type: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins: 
 Volume: local
 Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
 Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file logentries splunk syslog
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 6e23458c129b551d5c9871e5174f6b1b7f6d1170
runc version: 810190ceaa507aa2727d7ae6f4790c76ec150bd2
init version: 949e6fa
Security Options:
 seccomp
  Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 48
Total Memory: 61.95GiB
Name: localhost.localdomain
ID: IAVH:UXNN:6OUH:NADL:BO62:7O62:6MBM:677Y:6OKN:XVZH:4DRF:JSKH
Docker Root Dir: /home/docker/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
#可以发现默认路径为/home ;-> Docker Root Dir: /home/docker/lib/docker

7.查看镜像

$ docker images
REPOSITORY                                        TAG                       IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
registry.********/mis/misrobot-bigdata            1.0                       c5b186e47de6        7 days ago          128MB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-web-node           18.12.03                  eff897b71d2d        7 days ago          2.76GB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-service            18.12.03                  0993ddf543b4        7 days ago          333MB
registry.********/mis/platform                    18.12.03                  8146495ec9fd        7 days ago          368MB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-service            18.11.16                  9a80bcbba7c0        3 weeks ago         333MB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-edms               18.11.16                  3f2930ab8a9d        3 weeks ago         265MB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-edms               18.12.03                  3f2930ab8a9d        3 weeks ago         265MB
registry.********/mis/platform                    18.11.16                  fcbbfa56235c        3 weeks ago         365MB
registry.********/mis/resource-server             1.0                       2210919dafb2        3 weeks ago         2.22GB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-web-node           18.11.16                  978e9084d09d        3 weeks ago         2.69GB
registry.********/library/mysql-backup            1.0                       a28f88d4c85d        6 weeks ago         42.9MB
registry.********/mis/********-web-node           2.8.1                     b0ad86bb5bfb        7 weeks ago         2.42GB
registry.********/mis/platform                    2.8.1                     0809e8d3c7c1        7 weeks ago         364MB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-service            2.8.1                     2eb42758836d        7 weeks ago         333MB
registry.********/mis/misrobot-edms               2.8.1                     597cf2738d4b        7 weeks ago         265MB
registry.********/mis/onlyoffice-documentserver   5.2.2.2                   a983f4ec853d        2 months ago        1.74GB
registry.********/mis/doorservice                 2.7.2                     5cc58079e09f        3 months ago        133MB
registry.********/library/nginx                   fdfs                      42e82383d0c1        6 months ago        443MB
registry.********/library/rabbitmq                3.7.5-management-alpine   0688d022cb86        7 months ago        83MB
registry.********/library/mysql                   5.7                       0d16d0a97dd1        7 months ago        372MB
registry.********/library/fastdfs                 5.11                      e41af134c20d        13 months ago       378MB
#服务都没有问题后可以清理磁盘了